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This indicates that heat cascade storage and utilization is practically possible. In addition, the highest month-averaged temperature of the borehole wall in the core increased by 9.9 °C during the second recharge/extraction cycle, compared to the first recharge/extraction cycle.
A comprehensive LNG-FSRU cold energy utilization scheme was proposed based on ship-shore sharing. Using energy cascade theory and energy conservation theory to design a cold energy cascade utilization system that includes air separation, dry ice making, horizontal two-stage Rankine cycle power generation,
Deploying pump stations between adjacent cascade hydropower plants to form a cascade energy storage system (CESS) is a promising way to accommodate large-scale
In the formula, (P_i) is the risk score of the i echelon battery in the energy storage system. The risk score can characterize the comprehensive safety of a single echelon battery in an energy storage system. n is the number of evaluation indicators. (alpha) and (beta) are the adjustment coefficients of the subjective and objective
In order to enhance the energy storage efficiency of the off-peak electricity provided by the grid, an advanced concept for the integration of the coal power unit and the compressed air energy storage (CAES) system has been put forward. According to the principle of energy cascade utilization, the heat energy released from the charging process of the CAES
However, previous studies mainly focus on the conventional sensible heat media like water, thermal oil or brick, which usually have low energy storage density and relatively large storage sizing. On the contrary, the potential of using latent heat materials for the onboard WHR system, particularly with multiple PCMs in cascade layout, has not
Several studies have been carried out to optimize solar water heating systems with energy storage units and/ or without energy storage units. Li et al. [27] ; investigated an optimal control scheme for enhancing the energy management of solar water heating (SWH) systems in commercial edifices, intending to reduce the total
This study aims to build a novel solar heating system with seasonal and cascade thermal-energy storage based on zeolite water and verify the feasibility of this system by selecting the case of a district heating network in Chifeng, China. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses of the proposed system are analyzed in detail.
Using cascade utilization between multiple energy sources to realize multi-energy complementarity can significantly improve the economic benefits and energy utilization of integrated energy service providers. Integrated energy service providers consider the cascade utilization of energy in the regional energy system. Through the
To sum up, the local energy storage controller, as the control unit of the energy storage system, plays a vital ro le in the system energy control and the energy management strategy optimization.
Deploying pump stations between adjacent cascade hydropower plants to form a cascade energy storage system (CESS) is a promising way to accommodate large-scale renewable energy sources, yet the mechanism how renewable curtailment is converted to hydroelectricity is still unclear. In this paper, we aim to clarify this mechanism by
The cascade utilization of retired lithium batteries to build an energy storage system is an effective means to achieve my country''s dual-carbon goal, but
The utilization of multiple phase change materials in an LTES unit, i.e., cascade thermal energy storage (CTES), can improve the process uniformity of the LTES, which further results in the effective utilization of the storage [29].
Renewable energy production is significant for the advancement of human society, since the overreliance on fossil energy leads to severe energy shortage and environmental pollution [1], [2]. Hydrogen, as a promising secondary energy carrier, offers a green, clean, and high energy-density solution that can be derived from renewable
Refs. Feature(s) Limitation(s) Wang et al. [18]①A revised water fuel ratio control strategy based on heat storage difference of a boiler system was proposed. ②The control performance of main parameters of the power plant system are compared. ③The efficiency of the power plant under different control strategies is analyzed.
Design and analysis of optimal AGC regulator for multi-area power systems with TCPS and energy storage unit in deregulated environment Optim Control Appl Meth ( 2024 ), pp. 1 - 47, 10.1002/oca.3106
Carbon footprint of battery recycling. The value of GWP for the production phase is 216.2 kg CO 2 per kWh, for the use phase 94.2 kg CO 2 -eq per kWh, and for the recycling phase − 17.18 kg CO 2 -eq per kWh (negative value indicates of the recycling phase contributes to the environment credit) [103].
Utilization of energy storage devices with optimal controller for multi-area hydro-hydro power system under deregulated environment Sustain Energy Technol Assess (2022)
This paper presents energy storage as a pathway of cascade utilization, incorporating cascade utilization enterprises (energy storage stations) as decision
Energies 2022, 15, 3635 3 of 24 2.1. Energy Cascade Utilization Principle Energy cascade utilization in demand response can improve the energy utilization effi-ciency of the whole system, which
After optimization, the net output power of the LNG cold energy comprehensive utilization system proposed in this paper was 5186 kW, and the exergy efficiency is 30.6%. Considering the power generation and freshwater revenue, the annual economic benefit of the system operating is 18.71 million CNY. Keywords: LNG, cold energy utilization,
according to the power command value of the cascade utilization energy storage battery of each energy storage unit at the current moment, using a pre-established recurrent neural network model to acquire a power command value of the cascade
The proposed system provides an energy management method for various types of an energy storage system including cascade utilization battery. The method is used to
However, the cascade utilization of power batteries could alleviate recycling pressure and environmental pollution while maximizing the full life cycle of the battery, which is crucial for low-carbon emissions, energy
Regarding the applications of RTBs, this study focuses on the cascade use of RTBs for renewable energy storage, which has significant promise for the large-scale
A cascade hydrogen storage system (CHSS) for integrated hydrogen energy utilization system. • The cost, energy consumption and hydrogen supply loss probability (HSLP) of the CHSS are optimized by NSGA-II. • Compared to SHSS, CHSS reduces cost by 3.78
Energy supply and demand balance equation considering energy cascade utilization is established. • DRL – based strategy can cope with uncertainties of renewable energy and energy demand within DD-PIES. • SAC
2. Energy Cascade Utilization. Energy cascade utilization through the use of different qualities of heat ener gy, step-by-. step, to achieve multiple uses of energy, finally lets the quality of
A multi-scenario safe operation method of the retired power battery cascade utilization energy storage system is proposed, and the method establishes a
Ice plug technology is an effective method for isolating the pipeline system, which are promising methods utilized in the nuclear, chemical, and power industries. To reduce the cold energy consumption and temperature stress, the multi-stage (1–10) of time-dependent thermal boundary conditions was proposed for the formation of ice plug, while
As shown in Fig. 3, the hourly electric energy, cooling energy, heating energy, and their consuming curves were estimated with the DeST building energy simulation tool. The peak, average and base electric load varied with daily schedule and was relatively constant within one season with a marginal difference, because computers,
Aiming to provide an effective solution to overcome the low-thermal-energy utilization issues related to the low thermal conductivity of PCMs, this paper delivers the latest studies of cascade phase change energy technology. In this paper, all
The results are illustrated using a small 11-hub network and a larger 69-hub network and show that sizing and performance ratings of energy storage devices have significant
A cascade hydrogen storage system (CHSS) for integrated hydrogen energy utilization system. • The cost, energy consumption and hydrogen supply loss probability (HSLP) of
In this paper, the efficient utilization of liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporization cold energy in offshore liquefied natural gas floating storage regasification unit (FSRU) is studied. On the basis of considering different boil-off gas (BOG) practical treatment processes, a cascade comprehensive utilization scheme of cold energy of
With a 60,000-Nm³/h scale cryogenic ASU taken as the study case, the proposed operation method has the best energy-saving effect in all cases with a maximum annual energy saving reaching 13.83
The utilization rate of gas is low and will cause environmental pollution. Through the mutual conversion and cascade utilization of multiple energy, PIES has a broader optimization space for diversified user load [].
In this paper, a novel LNG cold energy cascade utilization system by integrating cryogenic energy storage (CES), organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and direct cooling (DC) was firstly proposed and designed. The proposed CES-ORC-DC-LNG system can recover LNG cold energy in different temperature ranges with an appropriate
Such an energy cascade utilization concept eliminates the need to consume much PV power for CO 2 capture as previously proposed by Prajapati & Singh [28]. To analyze the proposed AP system, the simulation models of each subsystem are developed and coupled to evaluate the daily yield of captured CO 2 versus that required,
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