nuclear power storage detection

Radiation Detection: Key to Nuclear Threat Reduction Integrated

Abstract. In a world where nuclear energy holds immense promise but also poses significant security risks, effective radiation detection technology with support from Artificial Intelligence (AI

Fast Neutron Detection | nuclear-power

Fast Neutron Detection. Fast neutrons are neutrons of kinetic energy greater than 1 MeV (~15 000 km/s). In nuclear reactors, these neutrons are usually named fission neutrons. The fission neutrons have a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of energy with mean energy (for 235U fission) of 2 MeV. In a nuclear reactor, the fast neutrons are slowed down

Application of Fault Tree Analysis in Fault Diagnosis of Detectors in Nuclear Power

The degradation or failure of equipment can affect nuclear safety or unit availability in Nuclear Power Plant, thus the analysis of failure causes becomes even more important. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a commonly used and effective method for analyzing the causes of complex systems in Nuclear Power Plant. It shows how equipment fails in a

Design of Fuel Handling and Storage Systems for Nuclear Power Plants | IAEA

This Safety Guide provides recommendations on how to meet the requirements of IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR-2/1 (Rev. 1), Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Design, in relation to fuel handling and storage systems. The publication addresses the design aspects of handling and storage systems for fuel that remain

Chapter 6: Basic radiation detectors

2 × 2 pixels and 4 × 4 pixels. 3 × 3 mm2 each. Pitch of 4 mm. A 16 × 16 pixel array of 50 × 50 mm2 (recently introduced) Blue sensitive SiPMs have detection efficiency of 25% at 400 nm, including a 60% fill factor. 6.4.3.1. Inorganic scintillators. Inorganic scintillator bandgap has to be relatively large so as to:

State-of-the-Art Mobile Radiation Detection Systems for Different

Bio-inspired robots—possible use of humanoid robots in nuclear power plants, an example is the research platform Atlas from Boston Dynamics, use of snake-like robots (Figure 5 b) as a sensing device for the inspection of the piping system of a nuclear power facility (research is needed in modular systems), and the use of flapping wing

Analysis of particles containing alpha emitters in stagnant

3 · Detection and composition analysis of uranium particles using scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. As the main U isotopes (235 U and

Ukraine: Current status of nuclear power installations

4 October, 2022: Ukraine''s State Enterprise National Nuclear Energy Generating Company "Energoatom" have confirmed that Director-General of Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP), Ihor Murashov, who had previously been detained on Friday, 30 September by Russian personnel, has been released.

Advances in nuclear detection and readout techniques

"A Craftsman Must Sharpen His Tools to Do His Job," said Confucius. Nuclear detection and readout techniques are the foundation of particle physics, nuclear physics, and particle astrophysics to reveal the nature of the universe. Also, they are being increasingly used in other disciplines like nuclear power generation, life sciences,

Attention-based time series analysis for data-driven anomaly detection

1. Introduction. Nowadays, due to the sustainable and environment-friendly, nuclear energy has become one of the most attractive green energies. According to a report from International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 2021 (Anon, 2021), quantity of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are in operation and planned to be constructed, of which

Stand-off nuclear reactor monitoring with neutron detectors for

These measures are used to detect the diversion of declared nuclear materials, the misuse of declared nuclear facilities for undeclared nuclear material

Damage detection of spent nuclear fuel canisters using frequency

Abstract. This paper investigates the use of the frequency response functions (FRFs) of a sealed spent-nuclear fuel canister when it is subjected to an external vibration to detect abnormalities to its contents. The variation in the FRFs as an indication of probable damage is introduced and examined. Both finite element (FE) simulations and

Geologic Carbon Storage | PNNL

Geologic Carbon Storage. Scientific and technological advancements to safely and permanently store CO2. Carbon dioxide (CO2) production from the burning of fossil fuels (oil, gas, and coal) accounts for more than 80 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. About one-third of those CO2 emissions come from coal or gas power

An internet of radiation sensor system (IoRSS) to detect

System architecture and components. The overall architecture of the IoRSS as depicted in Fig. 1 consists of the following components: Fixed radiation detection device (fixed device): This is the

Human Performance Detection Using Operator Action Log of Nuclear Power

The introduction of digital technologies into the main control room of a nuclear power plant also introduces new human errors. The operator log records the control information of operators on systems and equipment, and provides an important data source for the retrospective investigation of operating events in a nuclear power plant. A

Classification of Radiation Detectors – Types of Radiation Detectors

This is the key feature of the categorization of radiation detectors. We cannot use a gamma rays detector to detect alpha radiation. Detectors can be categorized into two general types as follows: Detection of Directly Ionizing Radiation. Alpha radiation. Beta radiation. Detection of Indirectly Ionizing Radiation.

CR-39 nuclear track detector: An experimental guide

Storage of CR-39 detectors in refrigerator is strongly recommended for their use as precise detectors. It may be noted that each measurement or result point in the plot of Fig. 2 corresponds to measurements from a single CR-39 detector which is a source of limited or poor statistics.

Detection of Alpha Radiation – Alpha Particle Detector

Detection of Alpha Radiation using Ionization Chamber. For alpha and beta particles to be detected by ionization chambers, they must be given a thin window. This "end-window" must be thin enough for the alpha and beta particles to penetrate. However, a window of almost any thickness will prevent an alpha particle from entering the chamber.

Changes in Intracellular Mg Adenosine Triphosphate and Ionized Mg2+ During Blood Storage: Detection by 31P Nuclear

31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to measure changes in intra-erythrocyte Mg adenosine triphosphate (MgATP) and free Mg 2+ during blood storage at 4 C in standard citrate preservation media. The extent of Mg 2+ complexation of ATP and the concentration of free Mg 2+ were measured from the Mg

Welding defect detection in nuclear power plant spent fuel pool

The overlay panels of spent fuel pools of nuclear power plants can easily become corroded and produce micro-crack defects. Surface crack defects tend to

Nondestructive inspection of spent nuclear fuel storage canisters

This research investigates an in situ inspection methodology for detection of stress corrosion cracks in the HAZ of spent nuclear fuel storage canisters. Shear

Model-Based Deep Transfer Learning Method to Fault Detection

Deep learning–based nuclear intelligent fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) methods have been widely developed and have achieved very competitive results with the progress of artificial intelligence technology. However, the pretrained model for diagnosis tasks is hard in achieving good performance when the reactor operation conditions are updated. On the

A Novel Detection Method for Valve Damage of Nuclear Power

The detection of valve seals is not only an essential part of the maintenance of nuclear power valves, but also a requirement for the safe, efficient, and cost-effective operation of nuclear power. A novel detection method for valve damage of nuclear power using attention-based U-Net (ABUNet) is proposed to detect damage location information on

Security of Radioactive Material in Use and Storage and of Associated Facilities | IAEA

The publication applies to the security of radioactive material in use or in storage, as well as associated facilities and associated activities, and assists Member States in their regimes against unauthorized removal of the radioactive material or sabotage performed with the intent to cause harmful radiological consequences.

(PDF) AI-Driven approach for enhancing nuclear reactor safety

In this context, coupling nuclear reactors with thermal energy storage could ensure a more continuous and efficient operation of nuclear power plants, while at other times allowing their operation

Welding defect detection in nuclear power plant spent

The overlay panels of spent fuel pools of nuclear power plants can easily become corroded and produce micro-crack defects. Surface crack defects tend to

Detection of Beta Radiation – Beta Particle Detector

Detection of Beta Radiation using Ionization Chamber. For alpha and beta particles to be detected by ionization chambers, they must be given a thin window. This "end-window" must be thin enough for the alpha and beta particles to penetrate. However, a window of almost any thickness will prevent an alpha particle from entering the chamber.

Model-Based Deep Transfer Learning Method to Fault

Thermal Energy Storage and Nuclear Power

Lithium-ion energy storage has an energy capacity of around 0.25-25 MWh at a cost of 600-2500 $/kWh. In power capacity, lithium-ion storage has is rated between 0.005-50 kW with a price tag of 1200-4000 $/kW. The

Radioactivity and Decay Heat of Spent Nuclear Fuel

In nuclear power plants, spent nuclear fuel is stored underwater in the spent fuel pool on the plant, and plant personnel moves the spent fuel underwater from the reactor to the pool. Over time, as the spent fuel is stored in the pool, it becomes cooler as the radioactivity decays away. After several years ( > 5 years ), decay heat decreases

NRC Spent Fuel Storage in Pools and Dry Casks Key Points

Key Points: All U.S. nuclear power plants store spent nuclear fuel in "spent fuel pools.". These pools are robust constructions made of reinforced concrete several feet thick, with steel liners. The water is typically about 40 feet deep, and serves both to shield the radiation and cool the rods. As the pools near capacity, utilities move

What is Nuclear Energy? The Science of Nuclear Power | IAEA

The Science of Nuclear Power. Nuclear energy is a form of energy released from the nucleus, the core of atoms, made up of protons and neutrons. This source of energy can be produced in two ways: fission – when nuclei of atoms split into several parts – or fusion – when nuclei fuse together. The nuclear energy harnessed around the

World Nuclear Map (Nuclearplanet)

World Nuclear Map (Nuclearplanet) Nuclearplanet is an interactive world map showing all civil nuclear power plants and radioactive waste repositories with key information on each site. Nuclearplanet was developed by the Swiss Nuclear Forum and is hosted on their website. It is available in English, French and German.

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In this research, an intelligent nuclear power plant decommissioning mechanism with cloud based was proposed, which include a comprehensive solution for dismantled parts transportation, radioactive waste management platform for radioactive waste storage facilities, and real-time nuclear waste drum status monitoring.

NaI(Tl) Scintillation Counter | nuclear-power

NaI (Tl) as the scintillator is used in scintillation detectors, traditionally in nuclear medicine, geophysics, nuclear physics, and environmental measurements. The iodine provides most of the stopping power in sodium iodide (since it has a high Z = 53). These crystalline scintillators are characterized by high density, high atomic number, and

Automated detection of corrosion in used nuclear fuel dry storage

This paper proposes using residual neural networks (ResNets) for real-time detection of corrosion, including iron oxide discoloration, pitting and stress corrosion

Introduction to Radiation Detectors | Mirion

The applications for radiation detection instruments can be broadly categorized into a few different core tasks: measurement, protection, and search. Radiation measurement tasks are for situations where there is a